3 Read the article and choose the correct option to fill in the gaps.Human Rights DayOn 10 December 1948, the United Nations General Assemblyadopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which has become a universal standard for defending and promoting human rights. Every yearon 10 December, Human Rights Day marks the adoption of the UniversalDeclaration which states that “Human beings are born with equal rightsand fundamental freedoms”.In 2006, Human Rights Day focused on breaking poverty as amatter of obligation, not of charity. Poverty is caused by human rightsviolations. The links between human rights and poverty should be obvious:people whose rights are broken are more likely to be poor.Generally they find it harder or impossible to participate in the labourmarket and have little or no access to basic services and resources.Meanwhile, the poorin many societies cannot enjoy their rights to education,health and housing simply because they cannot afford them. And povertyaffects all human rights: for example, low income can prevent people fromaccessing education, which in turn inhibits their participation in public lifeand their ability to influence the policies affecting them.Governments and those in a position of authority must take responsibility for dealing with poverty. The realisation of human rightsincluding the fight against poverty – is a duty, not a mere aspiration.
The artificial intelligence
The Oxford Dictionary defines artificial intelligence as:“The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages.
”The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (2 ed.)Essentially, artificial intelligence is the method by which a computer is able to act on data through statistical analysis, enabling it to understand, analyze, and learn from data through specifically designed algorithms. This is an automated process. Artificially intelligent machines can remember behavior patterns and adapt their responses to conform to those behaviors or encourage changes to them. This is a brief definition and there is certainly a lot more that could be said about what AI is.The most important technologies that make up AI are machine learning (ML), deep learning, and natural language processing (NLP).Machine Learning is the process by which machines learn how better to respond based on structured big data sets and ongoing feedback from humans and algorithms.Deep Learning is often thought to be a more advanced kind of ML because it learns through representation, but the data does not need to be structured.Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a linguistic tool in computer science. It enables machines to read and interpret human language. NLP allows computers to translate human language into computer inputs.
Homework .Section 5
Text 1
The old saying Its never too late to learn is as true of making music -even learning to play an instrument — as of any other worthwhile occupation. I know a lady in her seventies who is making great progress with her piano playing. Another in her forties didn’t get very far on the piano as a child , but now that her children need less of her attention , all her spare time is spent practising her technique and playing some quite advanced Chopin. She is persistently improving all the time.
Text 2
It was George Walker and Col Landmann who planned and built the first railway line into London. The railway nearly four miles long was to be placed on a brick bridge consisting of 878 arches. This sensational 8iway to build a railway had several advantages . It would get round the problem created by the numerous roads and lanes the intersected the route and would require less land. The first brick was land on April 4, 1834. At the same time the company purchased a plot of land near London Bridge for 7500. A huge army of labourers, engineers and builders moved in to beging the enormous task of building the bridge and laying the track. Across the fields little townships off huts sprang up to house the railway workers.
Text 3
Superman is the best-known hero of US comic books. He was created by the writer Jerry Siegel and the artist Joseph Shuster, and first appeared in 1938. The character began in newspapers a year later and has been used for novels . radio and television programmes and several films. Superman has special powers, including great strength and the ability to fly. He uses these powers to fight evil and danger . He only appears when he is needed. For the rest of the time he is Clark Kent , a rather dull and timid journalist.
Text 4
Stonehenge in Britain’s most famous prehistoric monument. It consists of two circles of large standing stones, one inside the other. The inner circle consisted of arches made by laying one stone across the tops of two others . Some of these have fallen, but some are still in position . Stonehenge was built between 3000 and 1500 BC .Nobody knows why it was built, but many people think it was to study the stars and planets or to worship the sun, because a line through its centre would point directly to the position of the rising sun on Midsummer’s Day . Since the 1980s young people have been going there for their own midsummer celebrations , but the police usually prevent them from getting near the stones. Stonehenge was made a World Heritage Site in 1986.
Text 5
Fashion forms a key of many of our important industries, especially those involving design, such as cars, computer printers and clothing . In the world of machines changes in design often accompany technical improvements . However new design in clothing is more commonly motivated by fashion. Differences in the climate from season to season and the tendency to connect each new year with a new look provide textiles companies with frequent opportunities to renew their sales.
Text 6
Being the third son of the family, and not bred to any trade my head began to be filled very early with thoughts about travelling . My father who was very aged had given me a competent share of learning as far as house education and a country free school can generally give and wanted me to study law but I would be satisfied with nothing but going to sea and my inclination to this led me strongly against the will of my father and against all the persuasions of my mother.
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